Coronary Angiogram

What is Coronary Angiogram?

Coronary angiogram is a medical investigation that uses X-ray imaging for a better view of the blood vessels of the heart. This test is mainly done in patients suspected of suffering from restriction in blood flow to and from the heart. Angiograms are a part of general heart catheterization procedures used for diagnosing and treating heart problems. The process involves injection of a dye visible to X-ray machine into the blood vessels of the heart. If required, the doctor can also open the clogged arteries with the angioplasty technique during the same procedure.

Why is the Coronary Angiogram done?

A patient may be recommended to undergo coronary angiogram in case of following:

• If he or she is experiencing from the coronary artery disease symptoms such as chest pain
• Unexplained pain in jaw, neck, chest or arm
• Increased or new chest pain
• Congenital heart defects or heart disease that a person was born with
• Abnormal results in case of noninvasive stress test of the heart
• Chest injuries
• Heart valve problem requiring surgery

What are the common risks associated with Coronary angiogram?

There are not many risks associated with the angiograms. However, just like any other medical procedure, there are some minimal risks associated with this too such as the exposure to the radiation. However, major complications are very rare. Some potential, albeit rare, risks and complications are:

• Stroke
• Heart attack
• Irregular heart beat or arrhythmias
• Injury to catheterized artery of the heart
• Allergic reaction from the injected dye or the medications used during the procedure
• Damage to kidneys
• Infections
• Excessive bleeding

What to expect before the angiogram procedure?

Before the angiogram starts, all your medical history, medications, and allergies will be reviewed by your health care team. A physical exam will be performed by the health care team and all your vital stats like pulse and blood pressure will be checked. You are also required to empty your bladder and remove all types of jewelry, eyeglasses, makeup, dentures and contact lenses.

What to expect during the procedure?

During the procedure, you are required to lie back and get strapped on to the X-ray table. The X-ray cameras will be taking pictures from all angles. Later, an IV will be inserted in the vein of your arm for sedatives, medications and other fluids. Your heart will be monitored through electrodes on the chest. Depending on what is discovered during the procedure, your doctor may or may not prescribe additional catheter procedures such as stent placement or balloon angioplasty. The whole procedure takes about 10-15 min or more if combined with other tests and procedures. Post-procedure care and preparation may add more time.

What to expect after the procedure?

After the angiogram, the catheter is removed and the incision is closed through a clamp, manual pressure or a plug. You are then monitored and observed regularly till your condition stabilizes. You can go home the same day or remain overnight as per doctor’s recommendations. Drink plenty of fluids so as to flush out the dye from your system.

Once you return home, do ensure that you follow the diet and lifestyle plan as recommended by the doctor.