Understanding Chronic Kidney Disease: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments Options

Ever wondered why these two small bean-shaped organs in our body called kidneys are so amazing?

Our kidneys perform crucial functions in our bodies. Located on either side of the spine, these bean-shaped wonders filter waste products and excess fluid from the blood, regulating the body’s fluid balance, electrolyte levels, and blood pressure. They also produce hormones that stimulate the production of red blood cells, help to maintain strong bones, and control blood pressure. In fact, the kidneys filter around 120-150 quarts of blood each day, removing waste and sending it to the bladder as urine. Without these hardworking organs, our bodies would struggle to maintain balance and function properly.

However, we unknowingly or knowingly engage in behaviours that can make our kidneys unhealthy, such as following an unhealthy diet, not drinking enough water, smoking, not exercising regularly, and exposing ourselves to harmful environmental toxins. Certain health conditions, such as high blood pressure and diabetes, can also increase the risk of kidney damage.

There are many different kidney diseases that can affect the function of the kidneys

• Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): A condition in which the kidneys gradually lose function over time. CKD is often caused by other underlying conditions, such as high blood pressure or diabetes.

• Glomerulonephritis: An inflammation of the tiny filters in the kidneys (glomeruli), which can cause protein and blood to leak into the urine.

• Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD): A genetic condition in which cysts grow on the kidneys, causing them to enlarge and lose function over time.

• Kidney Stones: Hard mineral deposits that form in the kidneys and can cause severe pain and discomfort when they pass through the urinary tract.
• Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): Infections that occur in the urinary tract, including the kidneys, bladder, and urethra.

• Nephrotic Syndrome: A condition in which the kidneys lose large amounts of protein in the urine, leading to swelling, fatigue, and other symptoms.

• Acute Kidney Injury (AKI): A sudden loss of kidney function due to injury, infection, or other factors.

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a long-term condition in which the kidneys gradually lose function over time. Early diagnosis and management can help to slow the progression of the disease and reduce the risk of complications such as kidney failure.

Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

There are many different causes of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), including:

• Diabetes: High levels of blood sugar can damage the small blood vessels in the kidneys, leading to CKD.

• High blood pressure: Consistently high blood pressure can damage the blood vessels in the kidneys, reducing their ability to function properly.

• Kidney infections: Infections that can cause damage to the kidneys and lead to CKD.

• Obstructed urine flow: Conditions such as kidney stones, tumors, and enlarged prostate can block the flow of urine, leading to kidney damage.

• Autoimmune diseases: Diseases such as lupus and vasculitis can cause inflammation in the kidneys, leading to decreased function over time.

• Certain medications: Long-term use of some medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and some antibiotics, can damage the kidneys and lead to CKD.

When to See a Doctor

It’s important to see a doctor if you experience any symptoms of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), such as changes in urination, swelling, fatigue, or pain in the back or sides. In addition, people who are at risk of CKD, such as those with diabetes or high blood pressure, should get regular check-ups with their healthcare provider to monitor kidney function and manage any underlying health conditions.

If you have been diagnosed with CKD, it’s important to follow your healthcare provider’s recommendations for treatment and monitoring. In some cases, medications or lifestyle changes may be recommended to slow the progression of the disease and reduce the risk of complications such as kidney failure. People with advanced CKD may need dialysis or kidney transplantation to manage the condition.

It’s also important to seek medical attention immediately if you experience severe symptoms such as chest pain, difficulty breathing, seizures, or loss of consciousness. These symptoms may indicate a medical emergency that requires immediate attention.

Risk Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

There are several risk factors that can increase a person’s likelihood of developing Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), including;

• Diabetes
• High blood pressure
• Age
• Family history
• Obesity
• Smoking
• Cardiovascular disease
• Prolonged use of certain medications

Complications Associated with CKD

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) can lead to a range of complications as the kidneys gradually lose function over time. Some of the most common complications associated with CKD include;

Kidney failure: As kidney function declines, waste products and fluids can build up in the body, leading to a condition called end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or kidney failure. People with ESRD may require dialysis or a kidney transplant to manage the condition.

Anemia: As kidney function declines, the production of red blood cells can be reduced, leading to anemia. Anemia can cause fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath.

Bone disease: The kidneys play a role in regulating calcium and phosphorus levels in the body. As kidney function declines, imbalances in these minerals can lead to bone disease, including osteoporosis.

Cardiovascular disease: CKD is associated with an increased risk of heart disease, heart attack, and stroke. This may be due in part to the effects of high blood pressure and diabetes, which are common underlying causes of CKD.

Nerve damage: High levels of waste products in the blood can damage nerves throughout the body, leading to neuropathy, or nerve damage.

Fluid buildup: As kidney function declines, excess fluid can build up in the body, leading to swelling in the legs, ankles, or feet, as well as shortness of breath.

Prevention of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

While not all cases of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) can be prevented, there are several steps people can take to reduce their risk of developing the condition, including;

• Manage underlying health conditions
• Maintain a healthy weight
• Quit smoking
• Limit alcohol consumption
• Stay hydrated
• Avoid prolonged use of certain medications

Accord Hospital is a leading healthcare provider in Faridabad, known for its exceptional treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). As one of the best hospitals for Chronic Kidney Treatment in Faridabad, Accord Hospital offers state-of-the-art facilities and world-class medical care to patients with kidney-related conditions. With a team of the best nephrologists in Faridabad, the hospital provides personalized and comprehensive treatment plans to each patient. The hospital’s advanced nephrology department is equipped with the latest technology, enabling accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of CKD. Patients can trust Accord Hospital for the best CKD treatment in Faridabad and experience the highest quality of care.